Hong Kong Today

every(prenominal)-inclusive Studies F4 punt lineHong Kong nowadays ? Indicators used to downstairsstand pauperism in HK ? ? ? ? Income Health culture ? ? ? accompaniment conditions Employment Community / family frequent office 1Poverty Disparity / disparity between rich and poor ? Gini coefficient hurl from 0 to 1 0 = income scattering is absolute stir 1 = income dispersal is absolute un equalize ? Challenges faced by poor plurality ? Employment normally contr sour staff, low income, lack poke protection ? ? ? ? Support encloseed brave out channels from governance Living archetype X fulfill basic involve (eg. ealth vex service) Intergenerational poverty Relationship no family cadence ? marital / familial conflicts ? Disadvantaged groups ? shit force vs. Women do house hightail it + child care ? HK citizens vs. New arrivals less assistance from governing body discrimination (reduces HK citizens job opportunities) ? ? CSSA Comprehensive accessible Securi ty Assistance HK judicaturepositive non-interventionist approach ( ) ? ? ? A regulator kind of than a provider of upbeat programmes innocuous market / trade policy ? stripped administration intervention Low tax transcription Liberal Studies F4 Second terminalHong Kong Today de break outment 2 quality of emotional state ?Measuring QoL ? Dimensionseconomic affable political cultural environmental ? object glass indicators (statistical data) Income wealth gap Social welfare life expectancy Electoral carcass suffrager turnout rate variety show of cultural tourivities museums libraries Living space commerce pollution index Subjective indicators ( lots feelings) ? atonement with economy / income Satisfaction with frequent health, freedom of speech, welfare Satisfaction with governments performance Perceived benignant rights enjoyed Satisfaction with cultural environment, diversity Satisfaction with living / natural environment Obstacles to relegate QoL in HK ? H K has a pervasive nicety of long working hours ? Stay until hirer leaves ? not ofttimes emphasis on importance of work-life balance ? Constant reassertion of good working ethics ? ? Life chances are determined by various(prenominal) efforts Weak collective bargaining spot between workers ? Strategies used in promoting take rights ? ? ? Legislation and enforcement Management and regulation Education and publicity ? ? Public engagement look for ? Organisations and treaties ? International Labour Organisation (ILO) ? The cosmopolitan Declaration of Human powerfuls (UDHR) ?The International covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) Right of everyone to enjoyment of just & favourable conditions of work Safe and healthy working conditions Rest, vacant and reasonable limitation of working hours Liberal Studies F4 Second termHong Kong Today Section 3 figure of righteousness of nature ? Rule of Law ? All individuals are equal in front of truth ? presidential term should act in accordance with its establish statutes ( ) ? ? ? Both the government and the citizens must act according to such statutes The independence of the judicial system institution is guaranteed to maintain rule of lawHow to stop judicial independence ( ) ? ? Way of appointing judge should be away from external twitch Constitutions ( ) should be written for and monitored by pile ? Rule of law is actualization of primitive democracy ? Principles of rule of law (remember ) ? Everyone is equal before the law ? Government should act in accordance to the law ? The law should not have retroactive gist ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Judicial independence The law clauses should be simple and easy to understand The law clauses should not be self-contradictory register an appeal ( ) is allowed Judicial review ( is allowed legal aid is offered Should go through fitting public consultation Assume pureness before conviction / proven culpable Law should be the lowest limit to protect individual freedom *** law of nature power should be limited under rule of law ? Functions of LegCo ? Enact ( ) laws ? ? ? swear public expenditure Monitor the work of government Unfairness of District Council elections ? not all DC members are select directly by voters ? Some DC members are appointed by main(prenominal) Executive ? Presence of ex-officio members ( ) Liberal Studies F4 Second termHong Kong Today Section 3Rule of law ? operational Constituencies ? precept for introducing FCs To use their professional knowledge for the clear of the public by helping people ? analyse problems Reason to maintain FCs To date balance participation ? people, government and business orbit / FCs should play an equal part in decision-making Contradiction between fit participation and direct election Representatives of government and FCs are not directly select by people Fundamental flaws of FCs not directly elective by people Distrust by people at the beginning Emphasise too much on their own interests ?Often equalise to motions supported by directly elected GC members An obstacle to motions that are honest to general public Corporate votes get along bodied welfare Represent scarce interests of certain groups instead of whole arena Profitability of businesses often depends on government licenses, regulations, subsidies government count on support of business interests in LegCo and CE elections ? ? ? ? ? Not all practitioners working in the vault of heaven / industry can vote severalise voting system ? Motions supported by GCs are often opposed by FCs ? Promote favouritism towards business sector / government?Criteria for democratic electoral system ? Principle of universal propositionity ( ) ? Principle of equation ( ) Electoral Affairs Commission ( ) ? watch that elections are carried out in a fair, open and honest manner ? ? ? geographic Constituency has a broader electoral base (no. of registered voters) than Functional Constituency Li beral Studies F4 Second termHong Kong Today ? Chief Executive election ? marches of office 5 years, renewable erstwhile only ? Elected by Election Committee (800 members) Election Committee (2008) 1. Industrial, commercial and financial sectors (200) 3.Labour, social services, religious and former(a) sectors (200) ? Section 3Rule of law 2. The professions (200) 4. Political sector members of LegCo, HK deputies to NPC (200) Article 45 of Basic Law ? The ultimate endeavor is the selection of CE by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly representative nominating committee in accordance with democratic procedures Latest maturation ? EC increases from 800 to 1200 ? 75 of 100 supernumerary seats for political sector occupy by DC members ? ? Why EC is divided into different subsectors? ? Ensure balanced participation and broad representation ? Increases the genuineness ( of government Expansion of EC ? Advantages admit people from different sectors to elect CE EC compo sition resembles diff. sectors in confederation ? Reflect views of diff. people ? slew more(prenominal) contented ? Fairly high legitimacy level of CE Disadvantages Not all people can cast vote in CE election People may think that electors in EC cannot fully represent their views Presence of corporate votes undermines the representativeness of EC ? Represent corporate interests barely not general public interests No political competition in many sub-sector elections ? Weaken legitimacy of CE ? ? ? polished circle election